Production method for carbon alloy catalyst and carbon alloy catalyst

Provided is a production method for a carbon alloy catalyst, whereby an inexpensive catalyst having sufficient catalytic activity can be obtained. The production method uses at least either a Co or Fe compound as a metal compound, produces a carbon alloy catalyst, and includes at least: a step in which a thermoplastic resin and the metal compound are mixed; a step in which carbon black is added to the thermoplastic resin and metal compound mixture; an infusibilization step in which the thermoplastic resin is oxidized in an oxygen-containing atmosphere and infusibilized; and a step in which, after the infusibilization step, the thermoplastic resin is heat treated at 800-1,000°C and carbonized.