EXPRESSION OF TRANSFORMING GROWTH FACTOR ALPHA BAMHI AND RSAI GENE VARIANTS ASSOCIATED WITH NON-SYNDROMIC CLEFT PALATE OF INDONESIAN SUBJECTS USING POLYMERASE CHAIN REACTION METHOD

Objective: This study aimed to detect and analyze transforming growth factor alpha ( TGFA ) BamH I and Rsa I gene variants which associated with the risk factor of non-syndromic cleft palate only (NS CPO) of Indonesian subject. Methods: This was case-control study using samples from 32 NS CPO subjects and 28 control subjects. DNA was extracted from venous blood, and the TGFA gene was amplified using polymerase chain reaction technique, then digestion product from Taq I and Rsa I restriction enzyme was evaluated. Statistical analysis to determine significant differences of gene variant frequency among NS CPO subject and control was χ 2. The odds ratio (OR) was used to determine a risk factor of NS CPO. Results: The study results showed that the TGFA BamH I gene variant was not identified in NS CPO among Indonesian but TGFA Rsa I gene variant was identified. The frequency of TT/B1B1 homozygous mutant genotype was 80.0% in NS CPO subjects and 20.0% in control subjects (OR=3.857; 95% confidence interval=0.405–36.749). Conclusion: TGFA Rsa I gene can be considered a risk factor of NS CPO compared TGFA BamH 1 gene of Indonesian subjects.