Fine-needle aspiration diagnosis of synovial chondromatosis of the tibiofibular joint

Abstract We report a case of synovial chondromatosis of the tibiofibular joint in a 25-year-old woman that was diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration (FNA). The patient presented with pain in the left knee and a mass in the popliteal fossa. Synovial chondromatosis usually presents with joint symptoms and is often associated with intra-articular loose bodies, whereas presentation as a soft tissue mass is unusual and may raise the clinical suspicion of malignant neoplasm. The diagnosis is commonly confirmed by histopathologic examination of biopsy or excision of the specimen. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case of synovial chondromatosis of a large joint successfully diagnosed by FNA. Two cases of synovial chondromatosis of the temporomandibular joint have been reported in which the diagnosis was suspected on the basis of FNA. In both these cases, the final diagnosis was established by histopathology of the excised specimens.