Application of Ethanolamine Method FOB the Preparation of Indium Oxide-Based Sols And Films

It is found that ethanolamine method, recently developed by us, is very useful to form stable, concentrated (0.4–0.5M) indium oxide-based sols from which very uniform, transparent In 2 O 3 and ITO films are obtained by dip-coating. Indium isopropoxide and acetate can be used as the starting materials. The optical and electrical properties of these films were examined. A transparent ITO film with the highest conductivity (3030 S/cm, after annealing at 0.05 torr-600°C for 60 min) was obtained from the acetate at 600°C. The films from the alkoxide had lower conductivities probably due to the impurities included in the alkoxide.