Determining nadifloxacin in pharmaceutical formulations using novel differential pulse voltammetric approach

Abstract The present study suggested a novel analysis protocol for sensitive differential pulse voltammetric determination of nadifloxacin (NF). The performance of the working carbon paste electrodes (CPE) were improved via incorporation of different carbonaceous nanomaterials such graphene nano sheets (rG), fullerene-C60, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) and single wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs). Through assay optimization, comprehensive and deep parallel studies were conducted concerning the electrode matrix composition, mode of electrode modification, electroanalytical parameters and pH effects. Anodic oxidation peak were recorded at 1.02 V at pH 4 with an irreversible diffusion-controlled process. To that end, using the differential pulse voltammetry, high sensitivity was achieved in the NF concentration ranged from 3.3 to 53.3 μmol and limit of detection reached 0.250 μmol with improved stability and reproducibility. Moreover, the electrode reaction mechanism was studied electrometrically and sustained with the molecular orbital calculations. The interferences issues were also taken into consideration. Accordingly, the designed approach offers potential applicability towards nadifloxacin determination in pharmaceutical preparations with acceptable recoveries compared with the reported methods.