Omega 3 PUFA

Abstract Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is one of the primary causes of dementia; it causes an age-related cognitive decline and is the most common progressive neurodegenerative disease in adults. AD is mainly the consequence of a cumulative effect of inflammation, environmental exposures, genetic, psychosocial, and biological factors, and the presence of chronic diseases including diabetes, cerebral, and cardiovascular diseases. Normal aging of the brain leads to depletion of fatty acids, which need to be regained or supplemented with docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), reducing the risk factors for AD. DHA is broadly neuroprotective, contributing to the maintenance of brain lipid metabolism, signal transduction, and neurotransmission mechanism, while reducing arachidonic acid metabolites and oxidative stress. Several studies have demonstrated the decline of dementia or AD incidence with increased consumption of foods rich in omega 3 fatty acids.