Examining the Role of Craving, Mindfulness, and Psychological Flexibility in a Sample of Individuals with Substance Use Disorder.

BACKGROUND Substance Use Disorder (SUD) continues to represent a significant public health crisis in the United States. Purpose: Novel and effective treatments are needed, and third wave behavioral approaches focused on increasing mindfulness and psychological flexibility appear promising. However, the unique and shared impact of mindfulness and psychological flexibility on substance craving is not well understood. Methods: The current study explores how mindfulness and psychological flexibility predict substance craving while controlling for severity of substance dependence in a sample (N = 284) of treatment-seeking adults with SUD. Results and Discussion: Results suggest that mindfulness and psychological flexibility each account for unique variance in substance craving over and above the other. Implications and limitations are discussed.