Linking hospital culture to the training performance of residents: The roles of leader‐member exchange and transactional leadership style

BACKGROUND: Hospital culture is a crucial aspect of residents' training. However, the mechanisms related to stakeholder culture (SC) and teacher-resident interaction remain unclear. The study investigated the relationship between hospital culture and training performance of residents. Also, it explored the mediating effect of teacher-resident exchange and the moderating effect of the teacher's transactional leadership style within a Chinese context. METHODS: Based on stakeholder and leadership member exchange theories, we constructed a composite model. Data were collected from 296 residents from five tertiary hospitals in China. Hierarchical moderated regression analyses were used to test the hypotheses. RESULTS: (a) Both the employee-orientation culture (EOC) (beta = .14, P .1). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that trainers should consider the value of multiple cultures and ensure balance among stakeholders rather than focusing on a single one. Furthermore, a positive interaction improves teacher-student relationship and training performance. Most importantly, educational departments should pay attention to establishing assessment tools, using rewards and incentives in residents' training.