Doğal tetraploid Trifolium pratense L.'de in vitro organogenez

Tarimi tum Avrupa ve Kuzey Amerika’da yaygin olarak yapilan cayir ucgulu (Trifolium pratense L.) dogal olarak Guneydogu Avrupa, Anadolu’da bulunmaktadir. T. pratense yem ve tibbi kullanimi olan bir bitkidir. T. pratense izoflavon karakterinde maddeler (fitoostrojen) icermektedir. Bu nedenle hayvanlarda sut verimini artirmakta ve kadinlarda menopoz sikayetlerinin giderilmesinde kullanilmaktadir. Dogal tetraploid T. pratense ilk olarak Erzurum’da bulunmustur. Bu calismada poliploidi nedeniyle tohum tutma ve sert tohum sorunlari olan bitkinin mikrocogaltim yolu ile uretilmesi amaclanmistir. Doku kulturu ortami olarak MS (Murashige ve Skoog, 1962) ve PC-L2 (Phillips ve Collins,1979) ortamlari ve BAP ve NAA hormonlarinin cesitli konsantrasyonlari kullanildi. Dogal tetraploid T. pratense bu ortamlardan PC-L2’ye daha iyi cevap vermistir. En iyi kallus ve surgun olusturan eksplantin apikal meristem oldugu tespit edildi. Basarili kallus olusumu ve en fazla surgun olusumu yine apikal meristem eksplantlarinda 2 mg/l BAP + 1 mg/l NAA konsantrasyonundaki PC-L2 ortaminda elde edildi. 1 mg/l NAA iceren PC-L2 ortaminda surgunlu kalluslarda % 94.4 oraninda koklenme oldu ve in vitro olarak, dogal tetraploid T. pratense’de organogenez gerceklestirildi. Klon bitkilerin tarlaya aktarimi yapildi.AbstractRed clover (Trifblium pratense L.), which is cultivated prevalently across all over Europe and North America is found naturally in Southeast Europe, Anatolia. T. pratense Is a plant which is used as feed and tor medical purposes, T. pratense contains izotlavon iikc substances (phytoestrogen). Therefore, it increases milk productivity in animals and relieves menapousal complaints in women. Natural tetraploid T. pratense has first been found In Erzurum. This study aims the generation of the plant via micropropogation which has seed setting and hard seed prohlems due to polyploidy. MS (Murashige and Skoog, 1962) and PC-1.2 (Phillips and Collins, 1 979) are used as tissue culture media and various concentrations of BAP and NAA hormones have been used. Among all media, natural tetraploid T. pratense has best responded to PC-1.2. The best callus and shoot formation have been observed also in PC-L2 medium in apical meristem explanls In the 2 mg/l BAP + I mg/l NAA concentration. In I nig/I NAA including PC-L2 media, % 94.4 rooting was nbserved for shoot formed calli and in vitro organogenesis has been realized in Ihe natural tetraploid T. pratense. Clon plants have been successively transferred to Held. 2005, 105 page Key Words: Trifolium pratense L.. organogenesis