Genomic Organization of the Human Myocilin Gene (MYOC) Responsible for Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (GLC1A)

Abstract Myocilin is a newly found cytoskeletal protein involved in the morphogenesis of the basal body, a major microtubule organizing center, of the ciliated epithelium. It was recently realized that myocilin is virtually identical to the independently reported protein TIGR (trabecular meshwork-induced glucocorticoid response), which is responsible for the pathogenesis of chromosome 1q-linked primary open angle glaucoma (GLC1A). In this paper, we determined the genomic organization of the myocilin (MYOC/TIGR) gene by analyzing the nucleotide sequence of the BAC clones containing the MYOC/TIGR gene. The MYOC/TIGR gene consists of three exons. Each of the two splice donor and acceptor sites agrees well with the GT/AG rule. Primer sets to amplify each of the three exons are designed. The 5′-flanking region of MYOC gene contains the TGTTCT sequence overlapped with a palindromic sequence TTCTTTTTAAAAAGAA, which appears to be a glucocorticoid responsive element. There is also a unique sequence of dinucleotide repeat [(GT) 2 AA(GT) 4 AC(GT) 13 ] which may also serve as a regulatory element. These results should aid in further detection of the MYOC/TIGR gene mutation and in depth understanding of the tissue-specific MYOC gene regulation.