Carbamates pesticides induced immunotoxicity and carcinogenicity in human: A review

Abstract In the literature, carbamates pesticides (CMs) have been implicated in the increasing prevalence of diseases associated with alterations of the immune response, such as hypersensitivity reactions, some autoimmune diseases and cancers. CMs may initiate, facilitate or exacerbate pathological immune processes, resulting in immunotoxicity by induction of mutations in genes coding for immunoregulatory factors and modifying immune tolerance. In the present study, oxidative stress and inhibition of esterases activities have been introduced as the main mechanisms of CMs induced immune dysregulation. In addition, the evidence on the relationship between CMs pesticide exposure, dysregulation of the immune system and predisposition to different types of cancers are criticized.