Photoinduced shape memory high polymer based on host and guest actions and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses a shape memory high polymer material using optically controlled host and guest actions as controllable crosslinking/decrosslinking functional groups and a preparation method thereof. In the structural design, the host and guest functional monomers are simultaneously modified to the high polymer base material, wherein cyclodextrin is used as the host molecule, and azobenzene is used as the guest molecule. When the azobenzene exists in a trans structure, the azobenzene generates molecule identification with cyclodextrin to form a stable inclusion compound under the mutual actions of the host and guest, thereby obtaining a crosslinked structure. At this time, external force is applied to the high polymer material under high-temperature conditions to form, thereby obtaining a temporary shape. When being irradiated by a 350nm-below wavelength light source, the azobenzene is converted from a trans structure into a cis structure, the cis azobenzene and cyclodextrin can not generate the molecule identification action, the host and guest actions are destroyed, and the inclusion compound is disassembled, thereby obtaining a decrosslinked structure. At this time, the shape of the material recovers to the initial shape, thereby implementing the shape memory function of the material.