The Formation Mechanism of Hexagonal Mo2C Defects in CVD Graphene Grown on Liquid Copper

Thin Mo2C hexagonal defects precipitate in CVD graphene when Mo crucibles are engaged to hold the growth catalysis of the liquid copper, while these defects disappear as W crucibles are present. These defects have been identified as thin precipitates of Mo2C. The growth mechanism of Mo2C defects is demonstrated through thermodynamic calculations. This can be benificial in graphene defects engineering through vapour phase transport of the volatile MoO3 phase.