Influence of Magnetically Confined Plasma on the Muzzle Velocity of Gun Projectile

Under the influence of gun barrel design, materials, and propellant, improving pirojectile muzzle velocity is the bottleneck in gun development. An innovative method based on magnetically confined plasma theory was therefore proposed to improve the projectile muzzle velocity. Compared with the traditional methods for increasing the projectile muzzle velocity, the method proposed in this study has a simpler design structure, a broad applicability to different caliber guns with lower cost, and an obvious effect on improving muzzle velocity. The core idea was to use the magnetic field to constrain the plasma generated by gunpowder combustion ionization in the gun bore to increase the projectile bottom pressure, thereby increasing the projectile muzzle velocity. First, the mechanism of increasing the projectile muzzle velocity by magnetically confined plasma in the gun barrel was analyzed. Second, a new gunpowder gas thermal ionization model was established based on interior ballistic and plasma theories. The fourth-order Runge-Kutta algorithm was used to numerically simulate the changes in plasma density and conductivity during the combustion ionization of gunpowder. The effects of different ionized seed contents and propellant forces on the density and conductivity of plasma were numerically simulated to improve the ionization efficiency of gunpowder. Adding ionized seeds or propellant force improves the ionization efficiency of gunpowder, increases the binding force of the magnetic field on plasma, and enhances the projectile muzzle velocity. Finally, shooting tests were performed with a test barrel. Experimental results verified the correctness of the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation.