Dental care of patients scheduled for cardiovascular surgery: which protocols to follow?

Dental extraction of abscessed or infected teeth before cardiac operation is frequently advocated to lower the risk of infections, especially infective endocarditis. The scientific evidence that supports dental procedures before cardio-valvular surgery is, however, limited. The aim of the present paper was to explore whether there are any protocols for patients needing dental treatment before cardiac surgery. Moreover, we have discussed the real life challenges encountered in the management of such patients.