ANTIBIOTICAL RESISTANCE PATTERN OF MICROORGANISMS ISOLATED FROM POSITIVE BLOOD CULTURES AT ICUS OF IMAM KHOMEINI HOSPITAL

The increasing rate of antibiotic resistant bacteria in different wards of hospitals, especially in the intensive care units and increasing rates of morbidity and mortality due to these bacteria, highlights the need for awareness of antibiotic resistance patterns. The aim of this study was to determine the antibiotic resistance patterns of microorganisms isolated from positive blood cultures at ICUs of Imam Khomeini Hospital during 2011-2013. Materials & Methods: This cross-sectional study was done from September 2011 until March 2013 in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia. During study, positive blood culture specimens of ICU patients were sent to the laboratory. The evaluated cases were determined for resistance by DDA method. Type of bacteria and results of antibiogram recorded in testing sheets were collected and the data were analyzed by SPSS software 20. Results: Among all blood cultures were carried out in the mentioned period, about 101 positive results were reported. Among them 56 (55.4%) and 45 (44.6%) were men and women, respectively. Patients' age ranged from 13 to 94 and the average age of them was 57.8. The most common Gram-positive bacteria that grew in blood cultures were coagulase negative staphylococci (35.6%) and the most effective antibiotic against them was vancomycin and the less effective antibiotics were imipenem, amoxicillin and cephalexin. The most common Gram-negative bacteria isolated was E.coli (19.8%) and the most effective antibiotics to this microorganism were Ceftazidime and Tetracycline and the less effective were Cephalexin and Nalidixic Acid. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that there is significant resistance to most antibiotics used commonly, perhaps one of the reasons of this reality is massive and incorrect using of antibiotics. It should be noted that the precise determination of antibiotic resistance pattern requires further study with more samples in different therapeutic centers and repeating of such assessments periodically