Estimation and risk assessment of flubendiamide on fodder berseem clover (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) by QuEChERS methodology and LC-MS/MS

The residues of flubendiamide from berseem were extracted and cleaned up by the QuEChERS approach and analysed by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The dissipation studies on berseem were carried out by application of flubendiamide at five different dosages i.e. 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 g a.i. ha−1. The residues reached below determination limit (BDL) of 0.01 mg kg−1 in 7, 10, 10, 15 and 15 days for 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 g.a.i. ha−1dosages, respectively. Half-life (t1/2) of flubendiamide on berseem was observed to be 1.08, 1.88, 1.94, 2.26 and 2.27 days, respectively, at 24, 36, 48, 72 and 96 g a.i. ha−1. Theoretical maximum residue contributions (TMRC) values reached below the maximum permissible limit (MPI) for 3, 5 and 7 days in treatments at 24, 36 and 48 g.a.i. ha−1, respectively, whereas in case of higher dose treatments i.e. 72 and 96 g a.i. ha−1, the residues of flubendiamide reached below MPI after 10 days of treatment. These data could provide guidance for the proper and safe use of this pesticide on berseem in India.