CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF THE LEVELS OF THE GINGIVAL CREVICULAR FLUID VOLUME AND LEPTIN DURING ORTHODONTIC TOOTH MOVEMENT

It is assumed that leptin has a role in protecting gingival tissues, leptin stimulates the immune system and enhances bone formation by acting directly on osteoblasts. As periodontal disease progresses, the protective role of leptin on the gingiva is lost owing to a decrease in the leptin level. During orthodontic tooth movement, the early response of periodontal tissues to mechanical stress is an acute infammatory reaction. Study of leptin therefore is a useful guide to determine its relationship with tooth movement in both tension and pressure sites and the role of this cytokine in controlling the local infammation around the tooth. Detection of the leptin level in GCF at sites under orthodontic movement had been tested and it was found that the concentration of leptin in GCF is decreased by orthodontic tooth movement. The present study was planned in Department of Periodontology, Manipal College of Dental Sciences Manipal. Total 20 cases were evaluated in the present study. The 10 cases were enrolled in Group A as study cases and 10 cases were enrolled in control cases. The selected 10 patients were bonded with fixed appliance 0.022" PEA bracket slot, MBT prescription. The maxillary right canines (control tooth, CT) were not bonded with the bracket. The initial wire will be 0.016" NiTi wire. The distalisation force were applied on the left canine (test tooth, TT) using 0.010 SS lace backs. Significantly decreased levels of leptin concentration might result from the presence of inflammation adjacent to the teeth undergoing movement. It has been shown previously that orthodontic tooth movement may therefore show local traits of a damage/ repair process with inflammation-like reactions: high vascular activity, many leukocytes and macrophages, and involvement of the immune system. Keywords: Leptin levels, periodontal disease activity, orthodontic tooth movement, ininflammatory  markers