Actinomycosis of an Appendix with a Cecal Abscess

Appendicitis has an etiology of appendiceal actinomycosis and chronic inflammation in only 0.01-0.06% of the cases, and less than 10% of these cases are diagnosed before surgery. Here we report the case of a 27-year-old Chinese female who was referred to our hospital with right lower abdominal pain and a high fever. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) scan revealed an abscess around the cecum. Appendectomy was performed on the same day, and a tumor-liked edematous appendix was observed. Appendiceal actinomycosis was diagnosed pathologically. A combination of antibiotic therapy and operative treatment resolves actinomycosis in 90% of cases.