The Evaluation of Gallbladder Function by Tc-99m-DISIDA Scintigraphy in Diabetic Patients.

Objectives : Diabetic autonomic neuropathy is a common complication of long standing diabetes mellitus and is well known to induce the motor dysfunction of cardiovascular system, genitourinary system and digestive system. Although many studies have done to evaluate the diabetic autonomic neuropathy, gallbladder motor function and biliary dynamic study to evaluate the change of gallbladder function in diabetic patients is relatively rare. This study was performed to measure the gallbladder ejection fraction using Tc- 99m-DISIDA with fatty meal in order to evaluate the gallbladder motor function in diabetic patients and to examine the usefulness of it in analyzing diabetic autonomic neuropathy. Methods : 51 diabetic patients(males 31, females 18, mean age 57yr(36-77yr)) and 1H control subjects(males 14, females 4, mean aged 47yr(31-70yr)) without gallstone and impaired liver function were enrolled in our study. Also the diabetic patients were categorized by age, disease duration, body weight and diabetic complications such as retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy accompanying with or not. Results : 1) Median value and interquartile range of gallbladder ejection fraction(%) were 66%(48-79%) in diabetic patients group and 75%(64-80%) in control subjects. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups, but the mean value of diabetic patients was slightly lower than that of control subjects. 2) There was no significant difference between the two groups in mean value of gallbladder ejection fraction in every age group(P>0.05). 3) Median value of gallbladder ejection fraction in diabetic groups with less than 10 years of duration (both under 5 years and 5 to 10 years groups) was similar to that of control subjects. However in patients whose diabetic conditions last more than 10 years, the median range of gallbladder ejection fraction was significantly lower than that of control subjects(P 0.05). Also seven diabetic patients whose gallhladder ejection fraction was reduced under,35% have had at least two diabetic complications. Conclusion : We observed that gallbladder ejection fraction of diabetic patients was reduced compared with that of control subjects. This is due to the reduced gallbladder muscle contractility resulting from diabetic autonomic dysfunction. These results suggest that the assessment of gallbladder ejection fraction using 99m- Tc-DISIDA would be useful to diagnose diabetic autonomic neropathy.