Towards nano-diagnostics for rapid diagnosis of infectious diseases – current technological state

Rapid, specific and sensitive diagnosis of infec- tious diseases is important for the rational, effective and economic treatment of the infection. Focused treatment of the patient with an accurate diagnosis may also contrib- ute to the minimization of drug resistance development. Rapidly evolving micro and nanotechnologies contribute to the development of new diagnostic modalities. This critical review provides an overview of current develop- ments in diagnostics for infectious disease enabled by nanotechnologies and includes a range of representative examples.