Highly Efficient Large-Area Organic Photovoltaic Module with a 350 nm Thick Active Layer Using a Random Terpolymer Donor
2020
Random terpolymers
are developed by incorporating small portions
of benzodithiophene into a highly crystalline copolymer of terthiophene
and difluorobenzothiadiazole, BDT-Th0. The bulk-heterojunction (BHJ)
of the copolymer BDT-Th0 is formed by a process of rapid solid–liquid
phase demixing of polymer crystallites, which results in an irregular
and an unclear phase separation with a large polymer aggregation.
By contrast, the random terpolymer BDT-Th10, which was prepared using
a 10% feed molar ratio of a benzodithiophene moiety, shows a slower
and a gradual formation of the polymer packing structures without
substantial agglomeration from loosely packed pseudocrystallites in
precursor solution. This results in an optimal BHJ morphology with
an appropriate phase separation and improved domain purity. BDT-Th10
achieves a high solar cell efficiency of 7.74% by successfully reproducing
the optimized BHJ morphology of small cells into 58.5 cm2-sized modules with 350 nm film thickness, whereas the copolymer
shows an irreproducible property with a much decreased efficiency
of 4.37%. This result is among the highest efficiencies of high-performance
large-area PSC modules with such a thick active film.
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