The effects of teaching material remediation with ARCS-strategies for programming education

In this paper, a method for improving the teaching materials of programming education is introduced, and the evaluation of the effects of using the strategy is presented. By using this method, the teachers of programming education will be able to assess and improve their teaching materials irrespective of their knowledge and experience of their teaching materials already used. In this method, the teaching materials were improved based on the statistical analysis of the motivation of students. Specifically, the motivation of students was measured for each lower category of ARCS motivation model with the authors' original questionnaire. The lower category in a particular lesson that showed a statistically significant decrease from the previous lesson was identified, and the improvement strategies for the lower category were selected from the list of motivation strategies in the ARCS model. The teaching materials of programming education were then improved based on the strategy. In this research, five lower categories of particular lessons in a programming course were identified, and the teaching materials were improved. The improved teaching materials were used in the following programming course, and the effects of the improvements were seen in three lower categories out of the identified five lower categories.