Experimental Study of Ultimate Load in Sandy Soil by Soil Nailing–Horizontal Nailed V/S Inclined Nailed

Soil nailing is one of the in situ soil reinforcement techniques that have been used for the past four decades. During past two decades, significant development has been taken place in the techniques of in situ reinforcement using nails. Soil nailing is one of the emerging technologies which can help civil engineers for underground construction, slope stability, housing construction on inclined or vertical cuts, etc. The aim of this study is how the soil nailed structure behaves at different inclination of nailed angle, i.e., 10°, 15° and different length of nail / height of wall ratio, i.e., 0.6, 0.7, 0.8 with compared to horizontal nailing, i.e., 0° inclination. This experimental work has been carried out in a laboratory by using 12 mm diameter steel bars as nail on cohesionless soil (poorly graded sand) in a tank of 100 × 50 × 80 cm at a relative density of 50%. Wooden ply board of size 1.9 × 50 × 80 cm was used as a rigid facing. The horizontal spacing (Sh) and vertical spacing (Sv) between two nails were 10 cm. Maximum ultimate load has been found out by applying the load up to wall failure. It has been found from the experimental investigation that when the nail length increases, i.e., 0.6 H, 0.7 H and 0.8 H, the ultimate load carrying capacity increases. In other hand, 10° inclined nail gives maximum ultimate load, and it reduced for 15° inclined nail in comparison with horizontal nail, i.e., 0° inclined nail [2].