Multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry to identify novel plasma protein biomarkers of treatment response in cystic fibrosis pulmonary exacerbations

Abstract Background Systemic inflammation decreases with IV antibiotics during the treatment of CF pulmonary exacerbations (PEx). We used multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry and immunoassays to monitor blood proteins during PEx treatment to determine if early changes could be used to predict PEx outcomes following treatment. Methods Blood samples from 25 PEx (22 unique adults) were collected within 24h of admission, day 5, day 10, and at IV antibiotic completion. Ninety-two blood proteins involved in host immunity and inflammation were measured. Results Levels of several blood proteins changed from admission to end of IV antibiotics, most increasing with treatment. Early changes (admission to day 5) in fibrinogen levels had the strongest correlation with overall improvement in CFRSD-CRISS and FEV 1 % predicted by the end of treatment. Conclusions Several plasma proteins changed significantly with IV antibiotics. Future studies will evaluate fibrinogen as an early biomarker of PEx treatment response in CF.