A comparison of CTH predictions with experimental armor/anti-armor data for long rod penetrators in two and three dimensions

CTH is a software system under development at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) to model multidimensional, multi-material, large deformation, strong shock wave physics. One-dimensional rectilinear, cylindrical, and spherical meshes; two-dimensional rectangular, and cylindrical meshes; and three-dimensional rectangular meshes are currently available. A two-step Eulerian solution scheme is used with these meshes. The first step is a Lagrangian step in which the cells distort to follow the material motion. The second step is a remesh step where the distorted cells are mapped back to the original Eulerian mesh. CTH has several thermodynamic models that are used for simulating strong shock, large deformation events. Both tabular and analytic equations of state are available. CTH can model material strength, high explosive detonation, fracture, and motion of fragments smaller than a computational cell. The material strength model is elastic perfectly plastic with thermal softening. A programmed burn model is available for computing the thermodynamic properties of explosive detonation. The Jones-Wilkins-Lee equation of state is available for modelling high explosive reaction products. Fracture can be initiated based on pressure or principle stress. A special model is available for moving fragments smaller than a computational cell with the correct statistical velocity. 7 refs.