Characteristic morpho-phisiological aspects of fat spherules and cellular conglomerates of goat and sheep milk.

The small size of fat spherules, abundance of atypical cells, cellular debris and anuclear fragments are basic morphological characteristics of goat milk that may differentiate it from sheep milk. Morphological, activity states characterization of fat spherules and the conglomerates between them and cellular or acellular fragments of goat and sheep milk. Morphophisiological investigations were done on colostrums and milk samples obtained from goats (n=26) and sheep (n=54) from indigenous breeds. For this we used microscopic examinations on cytological preparatus, from freshly collected milk samples, using the Squash technique,(Dia-Quik-Panoptic) and Gram. The microscopic evaluations were focused on qualitative criteria, consisting of the characterization of cytomorphological aspects and cellular activity states. Were effectuated quantitative evaluations using the lactocytogram technique.The microscopic exams revealed the abundance of small fat spherules in goat milk as compared to the sheep milk. This property was considered the main morphologic element that can microscopically differentiate milk of the two species, correlating with the high digestibility of goat milk. Within the cytomorphological configuration we also discovered atypical fragments, isolated or in conglomerates with fat spherules, intact cells or cellular debris. They were characterized by  polymorphism and  variable frequency, very abundant in goat colostrums (++++), extremely rare in sheep milk (+). In the milk of some goats we also revealed oval or polygonal epithelocytes with porous nucleus that may derive from cisternal epithelium. In conclusion, the obtained results, we sustain the correlating qualitative and quantitative cytological tests in order to evaluate the health and security of goat and sheep milk.