Poor spinal alignment in females with obesity: The Yakumo study

Objective The goal of this prospective study was prospectively to investigate the relationship between obesity and spinal sagittal alignment. Methods 286 were referred for orthopedic evaluation. Differences in spinal parameters among these groups and between males and females were evaluated. Results Obese subjects had significantly higher C2S, CPA, CTPA, PI-LL, and lower cervical lordosis, L4S1, lumbar lordosis, and sacral slope. In multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for age in females, CTPA was identified as the only independent and significant factor associated with obesity. Conclusions Obesity in females has significant relationships with spinal sagittal alignment and results in poorer physical QOL.