Design and Evaluation of Classic PID, Gain and Phase Margin Based Controller and Intelligent Controller Design for a Ceramic Infrared Heater

This paper presents an intelligent technique used to determine the optimal Proportional – integral – derivative (PID) controller parameters for a ceramic infrared heater. The proposed approach has superior features, including easy implementation, stable convergence characteristics and good computational efficiency. The ceramic infrared heater system has limitations and it is difficult to control optimally using on PID controller, as the parameters of the system are changing constantly. PID controllers can be tuned in the variety of ways including Zeigler-Nichols tuning, Cohen-Coon tuning and Astrom Hagglund, but these have their own limitation. Gain and Phase margin based tuning of PID shows the good dynamic performance, robustness and stability. The results obtain reflect that use of intelligent controller based on Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization improves the performance of process in terms of time domain specification and optimum stability.