Ipsilateral Deltoid and Hand Compartment Syndrome: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

CASE: We present the unique case of deltoid and hand compartment syndrome in a young man after prolonged syncope because of polysubstance use. The patient was subsequently treated with urgent deltoid and hand compartment fasciotomies which resulted in full recovery of his shoulder function. CONCLUSIONS: Patients suspected of deltoid compartment syndrome should have a thorough physical examination, followed by repeat examinations. Invasive compartment monitoring should be used in equivocal cases, in patients with decreased level of consciousness, and in patients with distracting injury. Once diagnosed, deltoid compartment syndrome (+/- other compartments) should be taken for emergent fasciotomy, ensuring adequate decompression of all 3 deltoid compartments.