Differential cross sections on fragment (2 ≤ Z ≤ 9) production for carbon, aluminum and silicon induced by tens-of-MeV protons

The double-differential cross sections (DDXs) for the inclusive reactions producing heavy nuclei with Z = 2–9 (fragments) from carbon, aluminum, and silicon targets induced by 50 and 70 MeV protons are systematically measured at several angles (30°, 60°, 90°, and 135°) using a specially developed Bragg curve counter and the energy-time-of-flight method. The DDXs of a silicon target for the proton-induced reaction producing fragments heavier than lithium were measured for the first time. The present results are compared with past experimental data, the LA150 evaluated data by the Los Alamos group and several intranuclear cascade models (Bertini and ISOBAR), and the JAEA-version quantum molecular dynamics model (JQMD) coupled with the Generalized Evaporation Model (GEM), which are implemented in the Particle and Heavy Ion Transport code System (PHITS). The present results agree well with the past experimental data and LA150 data for α -particle production. For the fragments heavier than lithium, the present...