Environment-friendly lightweight nutrition matrix for soilless cultivation and preparation method thereof

The invention discloses an environment-friendly lightweight nutrition matrix for soilless cultivation and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the field of planting in agriculture, forestry and horticulture. According to the technical scheme, the preparation method is technically characterized by comprising the following steps: taking sawdust, coco peat, reed residue, bagasse, corn cob grains, rice hull, peanut shell, traditional Chinese medicine residue, perlite and fly ash, proportioning, performing ultraviolet disinfection, and mixing in a material mixing machine; completely dissolving potassium dihydrogen phosphate and urea in wate, then mixing with base material; covering the mixed base material with a film in a fermentation tank; after covering with the film, adding the base material into the material mixing machine, adding fermenting bacteria and mixing; then placing the base material into the fermentation tank again, stacking and covering with the film for biological fermentation, wherein the base material obtained after the fermentation is completed is the nutrition matrix; and finally drying by a dryer. The raw materials used in the nutrition matrix disclosed by the invention are basically agricultural or industrial wastes, low in cost and easily available and can be really turned into treasure; furthermore, the nutrition matrix has the advantages of long fertilizer effect, sufficient nutrients, good moisture retention, good air permeability and short production period and is suitable for large-area popularization and utilization in production.