The First Steps toward Sustaining Breastfeeding Together: Understanding the Perceptions of Breastfeeding among Male and Female Youth in India

Background: NFHS-4 data indicate that breastfeeding practices in India remain inadequate. Mother’s prenatal knowledge and attitude regarding breastfeeding, spousal support, and perception of breastfeeding are predictors of optimal breastfeeding practices. Social influences among youth can impact future breastfeeding practices. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the perceptions toward breastfeeding among both male and female college-going students in peri-urban Bengaluru and to identify knowledge gaps and misconceptions which need to be addressed during health education to promote optimal breastfeeding practices. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 1111 students in a degree college in peri- urban Bengaluru, India. A pre-tested, face-validated questionnaire was administered to both male and female students, consisting of socio-demographic details as well as questions to assess knowledge of the benefits of breastfeeding (27 questions), attitudes toward breastfeeding and bottle-feeding as well as myths and misconceptions related to breastfeeding (11 questions). Results: A total of 1111 students were included as a part of our study, 1026 undergraduates and 85 postgraduates. Overall, the students had poor knowledge about breastfeeding with a significant number being unaware of correct breastfeeding practices as well as benefits of breastfeeding. Females and students who had received formal education about breastfeeding fared better than their male and other counterparts who had not received an official education about breastfeeding. Conclusion: Students had poor awareness and attitudes regarding breastfeeding. The study revealed many misconceptions as well as gaps in awareness that need to be addressed when planning targeted interventions to sensitize youth regarding breastfeeding. Key words: Perceptions, breastfeeding, youth