Feasibility study and tool design of using shape memory alloy as tool-structural elements for forming-error compensation in microforming

Taking advantage of the special properties of shape memory alloys (SMA), a concept of error compensation for microforming with the use of SMA as an actuating/enhancing element was proposed. Simplified analysis of tool structures, FE simulation of forming processes, and experimental tests on the tubular cylinders with SMA enhancement wires showed that the pressures created due to the geometric change of the SMA under the temperature above its transformation value could generate sufficient contraction of the cylinders, compared to the forming-error values predicted for microforming, and hence, they are potentially feasible for the applications to error-compensation in microforming. Based on these results, a detailed microforming-tool design with an SMA-enhanced ring structure has been produced.