Homossexualidade e Igrejas Cristãs no Rio de Janeiro

Este artigo analisa o debate sobre as distintas expressoes da sexualidade humana no interior de igrejas cristas situadas na Regiao Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Mais especificamente, examina as opinioes de treze liderancas catolicas, pentecostais e de igrejas evangelicas historicas sobre as homossexualidades e as reivindicacoes dos movimentos LGBT. A analise desses discursos indica a articulacao da perspectiva naturalista da sexualidade com a visao essencialista e dual de genero em todas as configuracoes confessionais. Entretanto, sugere reacoes diferenciadas dos atores religiosos as transformacoes em curso na sociedade, com alguns grupos dialogando com os movimentos sociais e os novos discursos sobre as subjetividades dos sujeitos sociais. Outros segmentos, contudo, sao refratarios as proposicoes das Ciencias Sociais que enfatizam a importância da dimensao cultural nas relacoes de genero e na sexualidade, e essa reacao acaba refletindo no campo de discussoes das identidades sexuais alternativas a heterossexual. Observa-se, assim, avancos limitados na negociacao cognitiva em torno das homossexualidades e uma forte tendencia de alinhamento dos religiosos na defesa da monogamia e no combate a promiscuidade, mesmo nos discursos mais liberais e afinados com as demandas dos movimentos LGBT. Palavras chave : Homossexualidade, liderancas religiosas, Cristianismo Abstract This article analyses the debate on the different expressions of human sexuality inside Christian churches located in the Metropolitan region of Rio de Janeiro. More specifically, consideration is given to the opinions of thirteen catholic, Pentecostal and historical evangelic church leaders on homosexualities and the claims of LGBT movements. The analysis of these perspectives indicates how the naturalist approach of sexuality is linked to the essentialist and dual gender vision in all confessional configurations. However, it also shows some different reactions on the part of religious actors regarding the transformations underway in society. Some groups are open to discussions with the social movements and the new discourses approaches on the subjectivities of social subjects. Other segments, nevertheless, do reject the social sciences proposals emphasizing the cultural dimension in gender relations and in sexuality. This rejection will reflect in the discussions of sexual identities which are alternative to heterosexual identity. The result therefrom is some limited progress in cognitive negotiation about homosexualities as well as a strong alignment tendency for the religious sectors to stand up for monogamy and to fight promiscuity; even in the most liberal positions supporting the demands of the LGBT movements. Keywords : Homosexuality, religious leaders, Christianity