Chlamydia pneumoniae and Helicobacter pylori IgG seropositivities are not predictors of osteoporosis-associated bone loss: a prospective cohort study

The potential link between infection with Chlamydia pneumoniae or Helicobacter pylori and osteoporosis has not been investigated in population-based longitudinal studies. A total of 250 healthy postmenopausal women who participated in a prospective cohort study were evaluated for IgG antibodies directed against C. pneumoniae and H. p ylori, osteoprotegerin (OPG), the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL), CrossLaps, and osteocalcin. Bone mineral density (BMD) was measured at the femoral neck and lumbar spine at baseline and at follow-up 5.8 years later. There were no significant differences in age-adjusted bone turnover markers, OPG, RANKL, the RANKL/OPG ratio, and BMD between the C. p neumoniae and H. p ylori IgG seropositive and seronegative subjects (P > 0.05). Neither C. p neumoniae nor H. p ylori IgG seropositivity was associated with age-and body mass index-adjusted BMD at the femoral neck and lumbar spine or bone loss at the 5.8-year follow-up. In logistic regression analysis, neither C. p neumoniae nor H. p ylori IgG seropositivities predicted incident lumbar or spine osteoporosis 5.8 years later. In conclusion, neither C. p neumoniae nor H. p ylori IgG seropositivity was associated with bone turnover markers, the RANKL/OPG ratio, BMD, or bone loss in postmenopausal women. In addition, chronic infection with C. p neumoniae or H. p ylori did not predict incident osteoporosis among this group of women.