A predictive value of von Willebrand factor for early response to Bevacizumab therapy in recurrent glioma

Bevacizumab (BV), a neutralizing monoclonal antibody against the vascular endothelial growth factor ligand, is recognized as a potent anti-angiogenic agent with antitumor activity. The aim of this single-center, retrospective, longitudinal study was to investigate the possible predictive value of baseline demographic, clinical and laboratory parameters for early 3-month response to BV therapy in patients with recurrent glioma. Forty-nine patients with recurrent glioma received BV at 10 mg/kg intravenously every 3 weeks alone or in association with chemotherapy were included in this study. Blood samples were collected from all patients before the first (baseline), the second and the third administration of BV. After 3 months of BV therapy, patients with partial response were defined as responders whereas patients with stable or progressive disease were defined as non-responders. The median overall follow-up was 8 months (range 1–73), the median overall survival (OS) was 8 months (95% CI 6–10) and the median progression free survival (PFS) was 4 months (95% CI 3–5). Thirty-five % of patients were responders and showed significantly lower von Willebrand factor (VWF) levels than non-responders at all sample times (p < .02 for all). Also, on multivariate analysis the baseline VWF value was the only predictor for an early response to BV therapy. Furthermore, D-dimer and prothrombin fragment 1+2 were predictive factors for OS while Karnofsky performance status resulted predictive for PFS. VWF antigen value is a possible predictive biomarker for an early 3-month response to BV therapy in recurrent glioma.