Частота и структура метаболических нарушений у женщин с ожирением в сочетании с синдромом поликистозных яичников

Background: Obesity is considered a global epidemic and is one of the most significant medical and social problems. Research in recent years shows that in 25-45% of cases of obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is detected. The influence of obesity on the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders in this category of patients remains controversial Aims: to determine the frequency and structure of metabolic disorders in obese women in combination with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Materials and methods: A single-center cross-sectional sample survey of women of reproductive age was conducted. The study included clinical anthropometry with measurement of body weight, height, waist circumference (OT) and hip circumference (OB), followed by calculation of body mass index (BMI) and OT/OB ratio, and measurement of blood pressure (BP). A biochemical blood test was performed, the hormonal status was examined, and an ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs was performed. Results: A survey of 136 women of reproductive age was conducted. Group 1 included obese women without PCOS (59 patients), group 2 included obese women in combination with PCOS (45 patients), and the control group included 38 healthy women. Group 1 included obese women without PCOS (59 patients), and group 2 included obese women with PCOS (45 patients), in the control group — 38 healthy women. Among group 2 patients, dyslipidemia, visceral obesity, arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and hyperuricemia were significantly more common (p<0,05). Correlations between BMI and triglycerides, testosterone and total cholesterol were found (p<0,05). Obese and PCOS patients had significantly higher levels of C-reactive protein(CRP), fibrinogen, anti-Mullerian hormone (AMH), and hepatic transaminases (p<0,05). Vitamin D deficiency was detected in 13,2% of patients, and insufficiency — in 22,7% of patients. There is a statistically significant correlation between the level of 25 (OH)D and indicators of BMI, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone (p<0,05), the level of AMH (p=0,008). Conclusions: A high frequency of metabolic disorders in obese women in combination with PCOS has been identified, which necessitates early screening, diagnosis and treatment of these disorders to strengthen reproductive health and prevent chronic non-communicable diseases.