Changes in coagulation factor activity and its clinical significance when the coagulation function is abnormal in tumor patients

Objective: To investigate the changes and clinical significance of coagulation factor activity in abnormal coagulation function in tumor patients. Methods: The clinical data of cancer patients who were hospitalized in Henan Cancer Hospital from January 2020 to June 2021 for treatment was collected. Thromboelastography (TEG) was used to monitor the coagulation function of tumor patients. Of which, 196 tumor patients with abnormal coagulation function were in the test group, and 36 tumor patients with normal status were the control group. According to the coagulation index (CI) value of the TEG test results, two test groups were divided into two groups: hypercoagulability test group (n=104): CI value>3; hypocoagulation test group (n=92): CI value<-3. Each test group was divided into 3 subgroups according to the R value, K value, α angle and MA value of the TEG results, namely hypercoagulable group one (n=37), hypercoagulable group two (n=34), and hypercoagulable group three (n=33); hypocoagulation group one (n=33), hypocoagulation group two (n=30), and hypocoagulation group three (n=29). The activities of coagulation factors (F) Ⅱ, V, Ⅶ, Ⅷ, Ⅸ, Ⅹ, Ⅺ, Ⅻ and von willebrand factor (VWF) were measured and compared for all patients in the test groups and the control group in the same period. Results: In contrast to the normal control groups, the hypercoagulable group one showed high FⅡ, FV FⅦ, FⅧ, FⅪ and VWF activity, and the values were (1 105±281), (1 352±326), (1 628±397), (1 795±314), (1 389±288) and (1 908±486) U/L, respectively (P<0.01). The hypercoagulable group two showed higher FⅡ, FV FⅦ, FⅧ FX and VWF activity, and the values were (1 068±189), (1 194±205), (1 529±394), (1 562±241), (1 150±196) and (1 722±415) U/L, respectively (P<0.05). Hypercoagulable group three showed high FⅦ, FX and VWF activity, and the values were (1 411±196), (1 212±327) and (1 713±457) U/L, respectively (P<0.01). The hypocoagulation group one showed lower FV, FⅧ, FⅨ, FⅫ and VWF activity, and the values were (732±96), (695±64), (1 216±191), (832±128) and (1 088±117) U/L, respectively (P<0.05). Hypocoagulation group two showed lower FV, FⅦ, FⅧ and FⅫ activity, and the values were (714±102), (1 125±108), (783±95) and (912±111) U/L, respectively (P<0.01). Hypocoagulation group three had low FⅪ, FⅫ and VWF activity, and the values were (812±92), (827±179) and (916±76) U/L, respectively (P<0.01). Conclusion: Only part of the coagulation factor activity changes significantly in the tumor patients with abnormal coagulation function. In tumor patients with hypercoagulable state, the high activity of FⅡ and FX becomes an important factor in anticoagulant therapy, while high FV, FⅧ activity can cause deep vein thrombosis. In the hypocoagulation state, the significantly decreases of FV and FⅧ activity often cause bleeding or oozing.