Recent Advances in Hydrotreating/Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts: Part I: Nature of Active Phase and Support

Hydrotreating/hydrodesulfurization is one of the important refining processes to improve the quality of petroleum fractions such as naphtha, aviation fuels, diesel, vacuum gas oils, and residue in terms of lower sulfur content and improved combustion performance. Over the years, the importance of this process increased multifold due to stringent environmental regulations imposed by several countries worldwide. Catalysts form the core of hydrotreating reactions in order to increase the rate of hydrodesulfurization reactions and enhance the active sites for removal of refractory sulfur species from petroleum fractions. In view of the importance of catalysts in carrying out hydroprocessing reactions, the present chapter (Part I) reviews the recent advances in hydrotreating/hydrodesulfurization in terms of the nature of active phase and support materials. It is imperative to understand these latest developments to design a suitable hydrotreating catalyst with required activity, selectivity, and long-term stability in order to produce ultralow sulfur/low aromatic fuels and lubricating oils.