Extração de feto grande pela manobra all-fours

2009 
Introducao. A distocia de ombro e situacao grave e imprevisivel nos partos vaginais. Pode ser definida como impactacao do ombro anterior contra o pubis materno que ocorre logo apos a exteriorizacao da cabeca fetal. A manobra all-fours consiste em posicionar a parturiente de quatro, ou seja, movendo-a da sua posicao litotomica dorsal para a posicao de maos-e-joelhos. Objetivo. Relatar experiencia acerca do uso da manobra all-fours em feto grande, durante o parto, com intuito de oferecer aos profissionais de saude maior compreensao e melhores condicoes de assistencia as parturientes em situacoes de distocia de ombro. Caso. Parturiente, 32 anos, secundigesta, primipara, admitida no Hospital Regional da Asa Sul, com queixa de bolsa rota havia tres horas e idade gestacional de quarenta semanas. Historia de parto normal na gestacao anterior. Durante o periodo expulsivo, do segundo parto, tentou-se extrair o feto com manobras comuns, sem exito. Diagnosticada, entao, distocia de ombro grave. Foi decidido pela equipe executar a manobra all-fours, extraindo, em seguida, um feto vivo do sexo feminino, a termo, com Apgar 5-9, peso de 5.420 g. Conclusao. A manobra all-fours e segura, util e eficaz quando realizada com tecnica e, por ser relativamente nova na pratica obstetrica, toda a equipe que atua em centros obstetricos deve conhecer sua indicacao e seu manejo, para incrementar sua pratica e evitar danos maternos e fetais nos casos de distocia de ombro. Introduction. Shoulder dystocia is a serious, unexpected situation during the vaginal delivery. It can be defined as when the baby's anterior shoulder gets stuck behind the mother's pubic bone, after delivery of the fetal head. The all-fours maneuver consists of placing the expecting mother on her hands and knees, that is, moving from its dorsal lithotomy position for the hands-and-knees position. Objective. This work aims to report an experience of using the all-fours maneuver in large fetus during labor, in order to offer the health workers a better understanding and a better assistance to pregnant women presenting shoulder dystocia. Case. Woman in labor, 2nd gestation, 1 vaginal delivery, 32 years, admitted at Hospital Regional da Asa Sul referring fluid loss for three hours and with 40 weeks of gestation. During the delivery stage, we attempted to extract the fetus through the routine maneuvers without success. Then, it was diagnosed with severe shoulder dystocia. We were determined to perform the all-fours maneuver with the support of the team. Then, we extracted a live female fetus, at term, presenting Apgar 5-9, and weighing 5,420 g. Conclusion. The all-fours maneuver is safe, useful and effective when performed according to technique and, for being relatively new in the obstetric practice, the professionals who work at labor centers should be aware of the indications and the use of the maneuver, in order to improve the practice and prevent maternal and fetal injuries in cases of shoulder dystocia.
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