Characterization and Properties of Bioceramic Materials for Endodontics

Bioceramics in endodontics are the modified hydraulic calcium silicate–based materials that are used for a variety of procedures including vital pulp therapy, regenerative endodontic procedures, management of immature permanent teeth, root canal therapy, repair of root perforations and as a root-end filling material in apical surgery. All these are similar indications to those outlined for mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). The various uses pose a number of challenges for the material; thus it needs to have specific properties including adequate physical, chemical and biological characteristics.