Clinical and Resistance Consequences of Misquantification of Plasma and Cerebrospinal Fluid Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in Samples from an HIV-1 Subtype G-Infected Patient

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) load is the main marker used to monitor antiviral treatment efficacy and resistance. We report a case of underquantification of HIV type 1 (HIV-1) RNA in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid from an HIV-1 subtype G-infected woman, leading to delayed diagnosis of HIV encephalitis and to the emergence of drug resistance.