Large volcanic eruptions reduce landfalling tropical cyclone activity: Evidence from tree rings

Abstract Tropical cyclones (TCs) are one of the most devastating storm systems with high socioeconomic impacts around the world. The drivers of long-term changes in TC frequency and intensity, including the recent global climatic changes, are, however, poorly understood due to short instrumental measurements and a lack of accurate proxy records. Here we present the long-term impacts of large volcanic eruptions on TC activity in northeast Asia. For this purpose, we performed a reconstruction of the frequency and intensity of landfalling TCs based on tree-ring oxygen isotope ratios over the past 350 years. Our results revealed markedly depleted δ18O values (P