The influence of tidal winds in the formation of blanketing sporadic e-layer over equatorial Brazilian region

Abstract This work analysis the blanketing sporadic layers (Es b ) behavior over Sao Luis, Brazil (2° 31′ S, 44° 16′ W, dip: −4.80) which is classified as a transition region between equatorial and low-latitude. Hence, some peculiarities can appear as Es b occurrence instead of the common Es q , which is a non-blanketing irregularity layer. The analysis presented here was obtained using a modified version of a theoretical model for the E region (MIRE), which computes the densities of the metallic ions (Fe + and Mg + ) and the densities of the main molecular ions (NO + , O 2 + , N 2 + ) by solving the continuity and momentum equations for each one of them. In that model, the Es layer physics driven by both diurnal and semidiurnal tidal winds are taken into account and it was extended in height coverage by adding a novel neutral wind model derived from the all-sky meteor radar measurements. Thus, we provide more trustworthy results related to the Es layer formation in the equatorial region. We verified the contribution of each tidal wind component to the Es b layer formation in this equatorial region. Additionally, we compared the Es layer electron density computed by MIRE with the data obtained by using the blanketing frequency parameter ( fb Es) deduced from ionograms. The results show that the diurnal component of the tidal wind is more important in the Es b layer formation whereas the semidiurnal component has a little contribution in our simulations. Finally, it was verified that the modified MIRE presented here can be used to study the Es b layers occurrence over the equatorial region in the Brazilian sector.