Universal method for rapid detection and structural identification for Chinese traditional medicine complex component

The invention belongs to the pharmaceutical field and relates to the fast detection and structural identification of complex components of the traditional Chinese medicine. The invention provides a commonality method for the fast detection and structural identification of the complex components of the traditional Chinese medicine, which comprises the following steps: 1. the extraction of all the components; 2. mass spectrometric analysis; 3. determining the main components; 4. multi-stage mass spectrum data acquisition; 5. determining diagnosis ions and the components are grouped according to the diagnosis; 6. connecting all the groups into a component network by bridging components; 7. carrying out database search by predicting chemical formulas and obtaining a candidate structure set of each component; 8. firstly identifying the component with the least candidate structure in the group with the most components, according to that, analyzing the structure of the group of diagnosis ions, then screening the candidate structure of other components in the group by taking the diagnosis ions as standards, carrying out identification, finally obtaining the structure of all the diagnosis ions by the bridging components and further identifying all the components in the component network; and 9. identifying the components which are not grouped and separated from the component network by the continuous screening of specific neutral loss.