Gastrointestinal microbiota of the newborns of the first month of life of the Tver region.

: The purpose of our work was to identify the features of the newborn´s microbiota formation during first month of their life on the model of the Tver region. The samples of oral fluid, meconium and feces of the first month newborns were examined in 38 full-term and 21 premature children of both sexes to determine the spectrum and quantity of oral fluid and intestine microorganisms. As the result, it was found that in full-term and vaginally delivered infants the microbiota of the oral cavity and intestine was characterized by greater diversity than in children delivered by C-section, in which Lactobacilli, Bifidobacteria, E. coli, Fusobacteria, Clostridia, and Veilonella were lacked. In premature infants, especially delivered by C-section, there was a sharp decrease in the incidence and number of representatives of normal oral and intestinal microbiota and an increase in opportunistic pathogens, for example yeast fungi of the genus Candida. The efficacy of L. rhamnosus and L.paracasei, isolated from the intestines of newborns, was shown in relation to conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic cultures of microorganisms that most often cause an infectious process in the gastrointestinal tract of children.