Sleep deficiency among Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, Black, and White Americans and the association with cardiometabolic diseases: analysis of the National Health Interview Survey Data

Abstract Purpose Examine sleep deficiency, factors, and associations with cardiometabolic diseases in United States Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islanders (NHPI), Blacks, and Whites. Design Data from the 2014 National Health Interview Survey and NHPI National Health Interview Survey household interviews of adults were analyzed. Participants Of 31,724 participants, 7% were NHPI, 14% were Black, and 79% were White. Methods Habitual sleep duration and quality, sociodemographic/economic covariates, health behaviors, psychological distress, and chronic diseases were self-reported. Sleep duration was coded as very short (VSS; 8 hours), or healthy (7-8 hours). Using multivariate logistic regressions, the association between sleep duration and diseases was assessed after adjusting for covariates. Results NHPI were more likely to report sleep P = .027) and Blacks (RR: 1.02, 95% CI: 0.85-1.23, P = .043) even after adjusting for other covariates. Conclusions NHPI reported suboptimal sleep duration that was linked to hypertension and diabetes even after controlling for covariates. Additional prospective studies in NHPI are needed to understand biological, behavioral, and psychological factors of sleep deficiency and its impact on chronic diseases.