Hypoglycemia Does Not Change the Threshold for Arousal from Sleep in Adolescents with Type 1 Diabetes

Abstract Background: Nocturnal hypoglycemia is a significant problem for children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. The counterregulatory hormone response to hypoglycemia is blunted in both patients with type 1 diabetes and healthy subjects during sleep. It is not known whether the threshold for arousal from sleep is also modified by hypoglycemia. To address this question we compared the acoustic arousal threshold from sleep during hypoglycemia and euglycemia in adolescents with type 1 diabetes. Methods: Adolescents with type 1 diabetes were studied on two occasions: under hypoglycemic and euglycemic conditions. During the hypoglycemia night, subjects underwent a hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemic clamp with nadir glucose level of 2.8 mmol/L. Hypoglycemia was initiated during stage 2 sleep and maintained during slow-wave sleep. During the euglycemia night, blood glucose was maintained at 5.5 mmol/L using the same clamp technique. The acoustic arousal threshold was determined during the first cycle of slow-...