High Gain X-band Rectangular Microstrip Antenna Using Fractal Slot Geometry

This paper presents an investigation on fractal slots on a rectangular patch antenna (RMA) and its suitable position on the patch for improved input and radiation characteristics of the RMA. The study has been carried out on RT duroid 5870 substrate (er = 2.33, height = 1.575 mm) using Ansoft high-frequency structure simulator (HFSS) software. Different fractal slot geometries are incorporated at the corners of the patch to achieve improved input and radiation performance. Stable radiation pattern with co-polarization gain of 9.58 dBi with 3-db beam width of 53° along with 24% active patch area reduction has been achieved through the final structure.